Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The increased risk for fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus despite higher bone density is unexplained. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a novel texture index related to bone microarchitecture and it is independent of bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TBS, BMD and body composition in patients with New-Onset Diabetes after transplantation (NODAT).Methods: In a cross-sectional study, TB...

Objectives: This study evaluated the prebiotic effect of a moderate intake of extra virgin olive oil (Evoo) and red wine (Rw) polyphenols on modulating the gut microbiota composition and the improvement of metabolic risk factors in obese subjects with high insulin resistance (HIR).Methodology: 10 obese patients with HIR (HOMA-IR>5.5) and 10 lean subject with low insulin resistance (HOMA-IR< 3.3) were included in a randomized and controlled interv...

Introduction: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) deficiency has been associated with diabetes and obesity. However, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are not completely understood. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in adipose tissue; it has been reported a higher expression in obese patients than in lean subjects, suggesting a differential vitamin D dynamics in adipose tissue according to the obesity degree. In addition, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is a...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a condition on the increase, carrying a high risk of cardiovascular complications. It is, also, well known that diabetes confers a substantial burden of microvascular disease. Previous studies suggest a link between microvascular and macrovascular events in diabetes. However, just a few studies have investigated whether the presence of previous cardiovascular events is associated with microvascular disease in diabetes patients. So, this is th...

Background: The initial management of hypercalcaemia is well described: aggressive intravenous rehydration and subsequent intravenous bisphosphonates if required. Isolated case reports document the use of haemo/peritoneal dialysis and haemofiltration in the management of severe hypercalcaemia. We report three cases that required renal replacement therapy to treat severe hypercalcaemia.Case series: A 21-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and vomi...

Objective: To compare the effects of a classic therapy to those of a novel treatment for androgen excess in adolescent girls.Study design: Randomized, open-labeled trial over 12 months.Study participants: Adolescents (n=34; mean age 16 year, BMI 23 kg/m2) with hyperinsulinemic androgen excess and without risk of pregnancy.Interventions: Ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate (EE-CA; Diane 35 ...

Adipose tissue is a highly active metabolic organ which, together with its role as an energy storage depot, produces a wide variety of bioactive molecules (i.e. adipokines) with important roles in the regulation of energy metabolism and homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. Alterations in lipid metabolism and/or in adipokine production associated to the excess of adipose tissue that defines obesity or to adipose tissue deficiency, as occurs in lipodystrophy, are linked to in...

Introduction: About 30% of all familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) and 50% of acromegaly families have a mutation in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein gene (AIP; Chahal, TEM, 2010). The functional role of AIP in somatotroph cells is unknown. Recently, it has been proposed that wild type AIP (wtAIP) is a tumor suppressor gene, role that is lost in the different mutant AIPs (mAIP; Leontiou, JCEM, 2008). In the adenomas, mAIPs are usually foun...

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a few frequent disease with abnormal synthesis of type 1 collagen. That affects skeletal but also extra-skeletal tissues. Aortic root (AR) dilatation and valvular dysfunction have been described. Other studies, to estimate the size of the AR, index it by the body surface area (BSA), however, although these patients are shorter their internal organs have a relatively normal growth, so we could find overestimated AR values. Therefore, ...

BACKGROUND: Cell cycle dysregulation is one of the defining features of cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), together with its regulatory subunit Cyclin D, governs cell cycle progression in G1 phase. CDK4 is in turn regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including p16INK4A (CDKN2A). Dysregulation of the INK4A/CDK4/cyclin D complex has been established in different a variety of types of human tumours. Dominant mutations affecting codon 24 of the CDK4 gene (replac...